Comparative analysis of filtration methods in determining the concentrations of dissolved forms of metals in natural and waste waters
Keywords:
metals, dissolved forms, membrane filtration, water qualityAbstract
The results of the state monitoring of the quality of surface waters in the Russian Federation indicate the presence of systematic excess of the standard concentrations of copper, zinc, manganese and iron compounds dissolved in water in most of the water bodies, including those located in the background areas. This may be due not only to actual pollution, but also to the natural geochemical background of chemical elements, which is not «incorporated» in federal hygienic standards, as well as to the peculiarities of sample preparation methods that allow filtration of water samples to separate dissolved forms of metals using paper filters «white ribbon». Analysis of the ecological state of water bodies in terms of the content of metals, in fact, based on the results of determining not only their truly dissolved, but also their suspended forms, leads to underestimated estimates of the quality of surface waters. The article presents the results of an experiment to determine the dissolved forms of metals in natural and waste waters of Kazan using a membrane filter with a pore diameter of 0.45 microns and a «white ribbon» filter.
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