Structural relationship of granulometric composition, content of organic matter and heavy metals in sediments
Keywords:
metals, bottom sediments, pelytic fraction, loss of ignition, lakesAbstract
The extensive factual material shows that the granulometric composition of sediments, their organic matrix and the content of various forms of metals in them are closely interconnected and form a structure, the basis of which determines the ratio of silt and pelytic fractions. Moreover, it is on particles with a size corresponding to the interface between these fractions (0.05-0.01 mm) that the bulk of the exchangeable, mobile forms of elements, as well as organic matter, presented in the form of weakly mineralized fine detritus, are concentrated. In turn, the distribution of metals in sediments is regulated by the forms of their compounds with an organic and inorganic matrix. The first group of metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu) is represented by elements with high biological accumulation coefficients in aquatic organisms, which determines their entry into sediments with detritus. The second group consists of scattered metals entering aquatic ecosystems with an allochthonous surface runoff consisting of highly dispersed particles of suspensions (Cr, Ni, Co), as well as typomorphic elements such as iron and manganese.
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