Specificity of dynamics of the tree populations on the landslide-scree slopes of the Volga River right coast
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2023.2.04.17Keywords:
landslide-scree slopes, successive series of phytocenoses, tree population dynamics, productivity, banks of the Kuibyshev reservoirAbstract
Monitoring of vegetation condition and biodiversity of flora in the slope communities of the right bank of the Volga River and the Kuibyshev reservoir allows us to assess the degree of activity and stability of the exogenous processes and prevent the risks of new ones. The paper presents the results of a study of forest communities in 2008–2022 on stable, temporarily stable, and active landslide slopes and the search for efficient phytoindication methods to assess their condition. Detection of succession groups of phytocenoses on different landslide elements allowed us to identify demutation-degressive vegetation series. They depend on the activity of landslide-scree processes, substrate conditions, slope steepness, the possibility of rudiments entering, and the influence of anthropogenic factors. The appearance of 2-3-year-old undergrowth of trees was detected 20 years after the last exogenous process. Using the Sørensen-Chekanovskii coefficient for assessing the similarity of phanerophytes in phytocenoses of the original site and other elements of the landslide is effective. The closer its value to 1, the more intense the reforestation processes. Based on the results of assessing the dynamics of the amount and age structure of forest-forming species, it was revealed that a stable full-membered population of Quercus robur was found only on the original parts of the slopes. The populations of Tilia cordata and Acer platonoides have a full-membered structure on the stable elements of a landslide, forming forest communities that provide substrate fixation. Based on the trunk's height and diameter assessment of different trees, it was revealed that the multi-tiered structure was typical only for the oak forests of the original part of the slope. In the lower part of the stable or temporarily stable elements of the landslide, the multi-tiered communities are disturbed, the density of their forest stand and canopy density decrease, and the percentage of T. cordata, A. platonoides, B. pendula, and P. tremula increases. The dynamics of wood reserves of different tree species reflect the productivity of forest communities and reforestation processes under exogenous processes, which depends on the landslide age, activity, or stability of its morphological elements. The use of phytoindication methods provides effective detection of the activity and stability of the slopes of the Kuibyshev reservoir banks.
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