Effect of sewage sludge granulate on gray forest soil characteristics and plant productivity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2023.1.52.60Keywords:
gray forest soil, granulate of sewage sludge, respiratory activity, microbial pool, fertility, plant productivityAbstract
The two-stage complex experiment studied the impact of the introduction of thermomechanically treated granulated sewage sludge of the Vodokanal Municipal Unitary Enterprise in Kazan on the characteristics of gray forest medium-carbonaceous soil and the productivity of the mixture of mono- and dicotyledonous plants grown on it (sown rye and sown vetch). It has been shown that in the first 6 weeks of incubation of soil samples, the introduction of granulate at the rate of 10 t/ha during maintenance without plants and during cultivation of plants leads to an increase in the respiratory activity of the soil, contributes to an increase in its microbiological diversity, while maintaining its stability. The sediment granulate enriches the soil with organic and mineral components, and the ongoing biochemical processes increase their availability to plants, improve soil properties and fertility. Growing at the second stage of the experiment a mixture of plants on pure gray forest soil and soil samples with granulate, previously incubated in cultivated plants or without them, showed that the samples with granulate productivity of total green mass by 8‒14% higher. The values of the microbial respiration coefficient after the experiment in soil samples with granulate were in the range of 0.11‒0.12, which, according to a number of researchers, corresponds to the most favorable and stable soil condition, while a higher number of microorganisms remained in them.
The granulate obtained during thermomechanical treatment of wastewater sludge of the Vodokanal Municipal Unitary Enterprise can be used to prevent and reduce degradation, protection and restoration of land productivity. Processing sewage sludge into granulate allows us to obtain fertilizer for agriculture and forestry, significantly reducing the area of silt sludge sites necessary for their storage or even eliminating the need for them.
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