НАСЕЛЕНИЕ РЫБ МАЛЫХ РЕК КРАЙНЕГО ВОСТОКА ЕВРОПЫ В ГРАДИЕНТАХ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
НАСЕЛЕНИЕ РЫБ МАЛЫХ РЕК КРАЙНЕГО ВОСТОКА ЕВРОПЫ В ГРАДИЕНТАХ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2023.3.12.21Ключевые слова:
малые реки, население рыб, факторы окружающей среды, индекс Шеннона, Республика ТатарстанАннотация
На территории Республики Татарстан исследовано 318 участков малых рек, в которых было отловлено 40 видов рыб, но только усатый голец и обыкновенный пескарь были представлены более, чем в половине исследованных нами участков. Двенадцать наиболее многочисленных видов рыб: речной гольян, усатый голец, обыкновенный пескарь, уклейка, голавль, плотва, обыкновенный елец, верховка, сибирская щиповка, обыкновенная быстрянка, окунь и белоперый пескарь вместе составляли 95% от всех пойманных особей. Видовое богатство рыб и величина индекса Шеннона имеют тенденцию к увеличению на широких и глубоких участках рек, расположенных на небольших высотах над уровнем моря. Основными факторами окружающей среды, определяющие композицию отдельных видов рыб на малых реках на крайнем Востоке европейского субконтинента были: высота над уровнем моря, ширина и глубина реки.37. Vehanen T., Sutela T., Korhonen H. Environmental assessment of boreal rivers using fish data–a contribution to the Water Framework Directive // Fisheries management and ecology. 2010. Vol. 17, №2. P. 165–175. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00716.x
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